1) The European Union (EU) is a supranational organization comprising 27 member states that cooperate on various issues, including trade, economic integration, and common policies, while preserving individual national sovereignty.

2) Sir Elton John, born Reginald Kenneth Dwight, is an English singer, songwriter, and pianist. With a career spanning over five decades, he is one of the best-selling music artists in the world and has received numerous awards and accolades for his contributions to music.

3) The game of basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith in 1891 and has since grown into a global sport played at both amateur and professional levels.

4) Tom Hanks is an American actor and filmmaker known for his versatile performances in films such as "Forrest Gump," "Saving Private Ryan," and "Cast Away." He has received numerous awards, including Academy Awards, Golden Globes, and BAFTAs.